The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (‘MCA’) has, by way of notifications dated September 20, 2017, notified the proviso to Section 2(87) of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘Companies Act’) and the Companies (Restrictions on Number of Layers) Rules, 2017 (‘Layers Restrictions Rules’). Pursuant thereto, no company can have more than two layers of subsidiaries other than (i) banking companies, (ii) non-banking financial companies, (iii) insurance companies, and (iv) Government companies. Existing companies, which currently have more than two layers of subsidiaries, are: i. required to file a return in Form CRL- 1, disclosing details in relation to such companies, within 150 days from September 20, 2017; and ii. restricted from having any additional layer of subsidiaries over and above the layers existing on the date of notification of the Layers Restrictions Rules, and will not, in case one or more layers are reduced by it subsequent to the commencement of these rules, have the number of layers beyond the number of layers it has after such reduction or maximum layers allowed under the Layers Restrictions Rules (whichever is more). The Layers Restriction Rules specify that for computing the number of layers, a layer comprising of one or more wholly owned subsidiary or subsidiaries will not be counted. It has also been clarified that Layers Restrictions Rules do not derogate from the proviso to Section 186(1) of the Companies Act which deals with the layers of investment companies a company may have. These provisions do not restrict any company from acquiring a company outside India with subsidiaries beyond two layers, as per the laws of such foreign country.